AFTER ORDER________________________

3. Fragmented Sovereignties and the Politics of Disorder

How has the dispersion of sovereignty among state and non-state actors — such as mercenaries, religious groups, mafias, and parastate militias — reshaped authority, the exercise of power, and the political economy that underpins it?

This research stream of After Order project investigates how today’s political order relies on an increasingly decentralised distribution of power, and how this reconfiguration has resulted in a system in which political authority is exercised through violence. We observe how “legitimate” authorities – increasingly coercive and autocratic – now share the prerogative of sovereignty with non-state actors, such as corporations, paramilitary groups, and even criminal organisations. 

Fragmented sovereignties examines how the disorder that results from this dispersion of power is managed. We explore how new forms of power emerge at the edges of legitimacy, and where disorder is also invoked by old, autocratic platforms, now standing on the disruption, capture and destruction of the democratic state.

Many contemporary authoritarian movements now arise within liberal democracies, claiming electoral legitimacy while undermining democratic choice. As these new authoritarian political actors gain influence and popular support, they reclaim  sovereignty as a powerful banner to justify their disruptive rule, challenging any established order – international or constitutional.

By listening to diverse voices from both the Global South and North, this research stream reflects on the deepening crisis of authority, the spread of violent disorder and the growing normalisation of democratic breakdown.  

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Coordinators

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Benjamin Fogel

Ben Fogel

Head of Publishing
Anna

Anna Mello

After Order Project Coordinator